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How Single-Beam Annular-Core Spot Technology Suppresses Welding Defects: In-depth Analysis of Xinghong XH-MPR Adjustable Annular-Core Welding Head Solution

31 Jul,2026

Xinghong Optoelectronics XH-MPR adjustable annular-core welding head is a breakthrough laser welding solution covering high-end manufacturing and general industrial scenarios. Equipped with the exclusive core patented technology of "single-beam core-ring spot generation", the product is compatible with 2KW-60KW full-power fiber lasers. It supports independent adjustment of core and ring power, free control of spot size, and stable molten pool control throughout the welding process, opening up a brand-new implementation path for adjustable annular-core technology.

I. Opening Up a New Path for Core-Ring Spot Technology

Among mainstream core-ring spot solutions on the market, the core control module is integrated into the laser itself. If enterprises want to adopt core-ring spot welding processes, they must purchase a complete set of customized dedicated laser equipment, which comes with two unavoidable drawbacks:

Significant increase in equipment procurement cost, resulting in a high entry barrier;
Key parameters such as ring spot size and focal position cannot be independently adjusted, leading to poor process adaptability.

The launch of the Xinghong Optoelectronics XH-MPR series has completely broken this technical landscape. Through subversive innovative design of the optical module at the welding head end, the XH-MPR achieves full adjustable annular-core capability with single-beam input and composite spot output. Users only need to adapt to a conventional fiber laser to obtain core-ring spot adjustment functionality. Xinghong Optoelectronics has "moved" the adjustable annular-core capability from the laser end to the welding head end, pioneering a new implementation path for core-ring spot technology.

II. Persistent Defects in Laser Welding

The laser welding industry has long been plagued by three major pain points:

① Difficulty in balancing penetration depth and weld width

② High incidence of spatter and porosity defects

③ Poor process adaptability

Traditional solutions often strike an unfavorable trade-off: suppressing spatter comes at the cost of penetration depth, while pursuing efficiency means tolerating defects. With fixed spot and energy modes, process adaptability to workpieces of multiple materials and thicknesses remains poor.

III. Core Technology Breakdown

The core technology of the XH-MPR module originates from an invention patent independently developed by Xinghong Optoelectronics, addressing three long-standing technical bottlenecks of traditional laser welding heads:

① Fixed power and spot size

② Complex system structure and high cost

③ Difficulty in flexible switching between multiple spot modes

Xinghong Optoelectronics adopts a highly integrated modular optical solution that achieves single-beam input and composite spot output through the coordinated operation of three functional modules:

(1) Adjustable Beam Expander Module: Spot Size and Power Density Adjustment

After collimation, the laser beam first enters the adjustable beam expander module, which continuously changes the output beam diameter to adjust the total power density and size of the composite spot. For workpieces of different thicknesses and materials, the optimal spot parameters can be matched without hardware replacement.

(2) Beam Shaping Module: Energy Distribution Between Core and Annular Beams

After entering the XH-MPR shaping module, the beam is divided into two parts: the central beam is responsible for deep penetration welding, while the annular beam is used for preheating and molten pool stabilization. It supports stepless adjustment of the core-ring power ratio, enabling full process mode switching such as "strong core, weak ring" and "weak core, strong ring".

(3) Precision Focusing Module: Coplanar Focusing of Core and Ring Beams

Finally, the shaped beam enters the precision focusing module, which precisely focuses the central direct beam and the annular refracted beam onto the same plane on the workpiece surface, forming a composite spot with a central point and annular light. The entire system features a compact structure and convenient debugging, avoiding the complexity of multi-beam combining while significantly improving stability and reliability.

Schematic Diagram of XH-MPR Optical Path SystemIn the figure: 1 - Collimating Lens, 2 - Axicon Lens, 3 - Multi-curvature Focusing Lens

Four Core Technical Advantages:

Independently Adjustable Core and Annular Power

Independent regulation of core and annular beam power enables flexible energy ratio distribution to suit diverse welding processes.

Customizable Weld Penetration and Width

Stable and uniform energy output during deep-length welding supports customized welds with varying penetration depths and widths.

High-speed Welding with Minimal Defects

Precise control over energy distribution maintains a stable molten pool and greatly boosts welding speed.

Controlled Thermal Input for Reduced Deformation

Effectively constrain the heat-affected zone and suppress deformation of heat-sensitive materials including copper, aluminum and thin sheets.

IV. Technical Comparison

Comparison dimensions	Core-ring technology currently available on the market	Xinghong Optoelectronics XH-MPR Single-Beam Adjustable Ring-Core Technology	Xinghong Optoelectronics XH-ABMPR Dual-Beam Adjustable Ring-Core Technology
Technical implementation pathway	Procurement of a specialized ring-core laser is required	Modular integration of the welding head tip, compatible with a single standard fiber laser	Integrated welding head; Compatible with two standard fiber lasers
Annular core power regulation	Ring-point power synchronization; cannot be adjusted independently	Independently adjustable power ratio between the center and the ring	Independently adjustable dot and ring; Supports arbitrary combinations at the same wavelength
Spot size adjustment	Fixed, non-adjustable	Adjustable	Independently adjustable dot and ring
Focus Z-axis adjustment	Point-ring coplanar focusing	Point-ring coplanar focusing	Independent continuous Z-axis adjustment of ±50 mm
Core-to-ring spacing adjustment	fixed	fixed	Dynamically adjustable
Central spot oscillation	Not supported	Not supported	supported
Technical originality	Requires a dedicated laser	Welding head with adjustable single-beam ring-core output	Annular-core 3D dynamic adjustability
Typical application scenarios	High-end manufacturing	Automotive parts, general industrial processing	High-precision sectors such as automotive, aerospace, and AI thermal management
Craftsmanship effect	Limited improvement in spatter and porosity	Spatter rate reduced by over 90%, Porosity <1%	Spatter rate reduced by over 90%, Porosity <1%

XH-MPR Single-Beam Model

Engineered for high cost-effectiveness, it resolves the majority of industrial welding defects through power and spot size adjustment alone — an ideal fit for mass production lines aiming to cut costs while boosting efficiency.

XH-ABMPR Dual-Beam Model

Upgraded with 3D dynamic regulation, adding independent Z-axis offset, dynamic ring spacing adjustment, and beam oscillation capabilities — geared toward zero-defect, ultra-high-consistency high-end precision manufacturing.

V. 2KW–60KW Full Power Compatibility, Covering High-End Welding Demands Across Industries

The XH-MPR module is compatible with the full 2KW–60KW product lineup, serving a wide range of sectors including automotive manufacturing, high-reflective material welding, and electronic precision manufacturing:

Automotive Manufacturing: High-precision welding of body structural parts, power battery busbars, and more — elevating safety and reliability.
Aerospace: High-reliability welding of critical components to meet stringent industry standards.
High-Reflective Materials (Aluminum Alloy, Copper, etc.): Annular beam preheating dramatically improves laser absorption, delivering more stable welding with significantly reduced spatter.
Electronics & Precision Manufacturing: Welding of thin-walled parts such as high-density circuit boards and sensor housings — precise, controllable heat input with minimal deformation.

XH-MPR technology marks the start of adjustable annular-core technology expanding into broader industrial scenarios. Leveraging its innovative single-beam, welding-head-end regulation approach, it redefines laser welding process standards with stability, high adaptability, and low cost — providing a reliable domestic alternative for high-end manufacturing both at home and abroad.

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